The historic center of Roma is so much packed with historic landmarks, buildings, piazzas, cathedrals, sculptures, there is no way to take it all in, even if you live here permanently. One might want to give it his best try though!
The Esquilino rione, located on the Esquiline Hill, was the most prominent and fashionable residential district of Rome. So everything here holds history of various degree of importance. Enter Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II.
First thing one is bound to notice are the remains of the Trofei di Mario fountain, or Trophy of Marius, built by Severus Alexander, 26th Roman emperor from 222 to 235, full name Marcus Aurelius Severus Alexander Augustus. The Crisis of the 3rd century, which lasted 50 years, has followed his reign, and brought civil wars, economic collapse, and invasions.
Another very important landmark on the piazza is the Magic Gate, or Porta Magica, aka Porta Alchemica, marking the entrance to Villa Palombara, former residence of the alchemist Marquis Palombara. This is the only one of the five former gates to the villa that remains. It's dated to between 1678 and 1680.
The Piazza Vittorio Emanuele II was built at some point after the process of Italian unification Risorgimento had been completed in 1871 when Rome became the capital. It is considered to be the largest piazza in Rome. read more