Jekyll Island has been many things to many people, throughout history. It was a seasonal place to…read morelive for indigenous tribes (the Guale & the Mocama), just as it was for America's most elite of the Gilded Age. It was first explored by the Spanish in 1510, & called Isla De Ballenas. In 1562, it was claimed by France, & called Ille de la Somme. It was later colonized by the Spanish, then in 1733, colonized by the English. While Jekyll was also once a plantation site, & landing for one slave ship, The Wanderer, (all of which is pretty serious history), there are few physical remnants of that time, & the prevalent stuff the island is known for are the flashy late-19thC / early-20thC "Club Era" manses in the Historic District, surrounding the Jekyll Island Club Resort, which is the most iconic historic building on the island.
In its heyday, the JI Club, & stately abodes that make up the Historic District, comprised "the richest, most inaccessible club in the world." BFDs like J.P. Morgan, William K. Vanderbilt, Joseph Pulitzer, Marshall Field, Frank Henry Goodyear, etc. made JI their winter playground. Henri Charles DuBignon set out to create a winter retreat for the wealthy in 1886, & he was successful in this endeavor, until 1942, when the island was evacuated during WWII. At the end of the war, the state of GA bought the entire island.
Today, the Historic District is 33 buildings on 240 acres on the western intercoastal "river" side of the island. The HD has a few access roads in it, but it is mostly a network of sidewalks, with benches throughout, & some picnic tables. All of the remaining structures are either fully renovated & in use, or are in some stage of restoration. The architecture is artful & romantic; no two buildings are alike. The showpieces are closer toward the water. These are the individual vacation homes of the prominent club members. Their mansions are called "cottages" in the ironic humor that only the most vile over-privileged people think is cute. I appreciate the work of the architects, & understand funding had to come from someone, but when I read the few didactics available at these sites, I wasn't really gripped by any of the stories. Not sure if it was simply the author's choice to highlight the showy-ness of how fancy, coveted, & expensive things were, or if that home's family really had nothing more noteworthy, humanitarian, or virtuous in their legacy to talk about, but I found the didactics, & even the plaque about J.P. Morgan's yacht, to be utterly grotesque. Yet, after the Trump Era, I guess I should've known better when walking around a former Mar-a-Lago. Maybe this is the socialist in me, but psychologically speaking, one must be a sociopath to reach a certain level of wealth. That said, regardless of these people's moral health, they created a beautiful spot, & no one thinks too hard while on island vacation in the sun, & the Historic District is exactly what tourists want to look at while sipping mochas or eating ice cream.
The Jekyll Island Club is a large hotel building. Through JIC, you may also rent a room at the Sans Souci building (some of the first condos in the US), or one of the "cottages." The Crane & Cherokee cottages are popular for weddings. Other cottages are undergoing restoration, or are used for other purposes (offices, small local art gallery, etc.). The Gilded Age folk did create the Federal Reserve System at the JI Club in 1910, & made the first transatlantic phone call from the island in 1927, so some industry was accomplished.
The former functional clapboard buildings (farrier, general store, etc.) mostly line Pier Rd, & are now all touristy gift shops. They are painted a uniform mustard yellow color, with brown trim. While quaint, they'd be much cuter in varying colors, to make each one stand out, w/ didactics in front of each to explain its former use. The Jekyll Mosaic Museum is the history museum adjacent to the HD, & they offer tours to explain all of the district's buildings, but still, didactics would be a much more enriching experience, to help that area come alive, IMO.
Last, is this place haunted? Google ghosts on JI, for more, but the HD is known for ghost sightings. I encountered some heebie-jeebies at certain parts of the island: the path between Clam Creek & Driftwood Beach, near my rental house, the wooded area of the HD near the Sea Turtle Museum, and the JI Amphitheater ruins. But one night, smack in the middle of the lawn beside the HD's JI Club, I was walking around at sunset with a cocktail taking pictures, texting to a friend. My friend told me to zoom in on one shot; when I did, there were two ghoulish figures sitting on a bench--but there was NO ONE THERE in plain sight. What's more scary? My toddler woke up from his nap in the stroller & started saying "spooky ghost" out of the blue! I was so freaked out! See my posted photos to judge for yourself!
Enjoy, but after sunset, get ready for some goosebumps!