In 1773, the Cherokee Indians conceded to the Colonial Government of Georgia a large tract of territory whose western border comprised what is now Madison County. The Georgia Legislature established the county in 1811, combining pieces of Clarke, Elbert, Franklin, Jackson, and Oglethorpe counties. It is the 38th county in the state and was named after James Madison, the nation's fourth president. This is the county seat in Danielsville.
The courthouse was erected in 1901 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980. It has a cruciform design, comparable to the Twiggs County Courthouse (1902-04) and the Clayton County Courthouse. It was designed by architect J.W. Golucke, whose name appears on dozens of Georgia courthouses, including Baker County, Meriwether County, Schley County, and Worth County, as well as the Fitzpatrick Hotel in Washington and the Secondary Industrial School in Columbus.
This is Danielsville's third courthouse, replacing a frame courthouse that had previously replaced a wooden courthouse. The courthouse was renovated in 1983, but a lack of space forced county officials to relocate to a new courthouse in 1996. The roof was restored in 1999-2000, although the structure has remained vacant since 1996. The courthouse square includes a statue of Dr. Crawford Long, who was born in Danielsville in 1815. There's also what appears to be a previous ship-mounted gun with no label, possibly a five-inch.
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