There are some things you must know before riding the buses in Florence. First of all, you MUST have a ticket, and you must stamp your ticket on the bus the first time you get on one. Tickets can be purchased at many locations, such as tobacconists, newsagents, some coffee shops (anyone with "ATAF" stickers on their shop windows); and from the ATAF booth or two automated ticket vending machines at the Santa Maria Novella train station.
They have their own form of police who check passengers on the bus to see that passengers have activated their tickets. If you do not have a ticket or you did not activate your ticket, be prepared for a hefty fine. It is really not worth it. We purchased bus tickets for € 18 each, which covered us for 7 days. A single ticket is € 1.20 and only good for a total of 90 minutes. They have a one day ticket for € 5, a 3-day ticket for € 12, a 7-day ticket for € 18 and a daily family for € 6.
There are three doors on the buses (except on the small busses); the front and back ones are for getting on and the middle one is for getting off. After you get on, make your way to the nearby "ticket validating" machine and put your bus ticket in. The date and time is then printed on the ticket, starting the validity period of your ticket. You basically have 90 minutes on a single-use ticket, so you could get on and off of different buses and still use the same ticket during that time period.
Another thing you need to do is to get a bus map that will tell you how to get around the city. It will clearly mark the routes. We liked that many stops had an electronic sign that would tell you how long the wait was for the bus to arrive. The busses were very efficient on this trip. (They were a lot newer than on our last visit.) read more