Chief Billy Bowlegs also known as Halpudo Micco or Alligator Chief is a colorful part of Fort Myers history. He was born in north Florida in 1810. He became famous as a 19th century chief during the Second and Third Seminole Wars. In 1830, President Andrew Johnson signed the Indian Removal Act which forced Native Americans to move from their tribal lands to territories in Oklahoma. The war was sparked over tension between the Native Americans of the area and the white settlers who were moving in. In an effort to get the Seminoles to move out west, Florida legislature signed off on a law making it illegal for Seminoles to hold residence in Florida and outlawed trading with tribal members.
Billy Bowlegs refused to go out west on The Trail of Tears, so named because many of the Native Americans died on the trek. He opted instead to fight and hide with his people. The Seminoles were forced deeper into the Everglades as they launched raids and attacks against the US soldiers trying to round them up. By the 1850's fighting had ceased and Chief Bowlegs was finally enticed to leave Florida. He first settled in New Orleans before eventually making it to Arkansas territory were he was a chief. During his life he visited Washington, D.C., to advocate for the rights of his people. During the Civil War he served as a captain of an Indian regiment in the Confederate Army. He passed away in the mid 1860s from smallpox.
I love discovering historical marker for the interesting history they provide and I spotted this unusual blue one on a recent trip through Fort Myers. It was sponsored by the Caloosahatchee Chapter National Society Daughters of the American Revolution and Billy Bowlegs Society National Society Children of the American Revolution. The marker is located on the north side of Palm Beach Boulevard. It was placed in honor of Billy on the banks Billy's Creek which carries his name today. It was were he and his followers surrendered on May 7, 1858 to the United States government. While Billy is long gone, his legend lives on in Fort Myers and in Oklahoma where there is a town named for him. In 2015 Billy Bowlegs powder horn appeared on episode of Antiques Roadshow from Little Rock. Billy presented the horn to the owners ancestor who was a Georgia Indian peacemaker. It is one of the few artifacts from the Seminole Wars to still be in existence. read more